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CHICAGO Corey Knebel Jersey , Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at the University of Illinois (UI) are trying to use tiny drug-laden nanoparticles to seek and destroy cancer stem cells.


They used the nanoparticles to deliver niclosamide that targets a protein called CD44 only appearing on the surface of cancer stem cells, and found the cancer stem cells lost their stemlike properties after treatment with the niclosamide-bearing targeted nanoparticles, and are less able to cause the cancer to recur or metastasize.


The researchers also detected a significant decrease in overall cancer cell growth, both in the cell cultures and in the mice, according to a report released Monday on the UI website.


"I call them 'GPS-enabled nanoparticles Cheap Milwaukee Brewers Hats ,' because they seek out only the cells that have cancer stem cell properties. Then they latch onto the cells and deliver the drug," said Dipanjan Pan, a UI professor of bioengineering. "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of delivering cancer stem-cell-targeted therapy with a nanoparticle."


Cancer stem cells represent a tiny fraction of cells in a tumor, but it only takes one or two to seed a new tumor Cheap Milwaukee Brewers T-Shirts , Pan said. The challenge for physicians and researchers is not only finding these cells, but treating them.


Previous study found that niclosamide works on a particular gene-regulation pathway in cancer stem cells. Niclosamide is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, which is an index of the safest and most effective drugs in the world, and is a drug commonly prescribed to treat tapeworm infections.


"This work is important to future researchers working in the field of cancer stem cells," said postdoctoral researcher Santosh Misra Cheap Brewers Pullover Hoodies , the first author of the study. "We described and confirmed the proteins and genes responsible for vital processes in these cells, and that is opening up new avenues to make better therapies."


UI researchers are now working to create a combination therapy that can deliver drugs for the primary cancer, such as traditional chemotherapies, as well as targeted agents that can treat cancer stem cells. They are also testing the nanoparticle drug-delivery system in large animal models to bring it a step closer to the clinic.


The study has been published in the journal Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.




Bangladeshi Christians receive communion at a church in Nagori, near Dhaka Custom Milwaukee Brewers Jerseys , on Tuesday. Photo: AFP

As a young man, Bidhan Kamol Rosario left his Catholic village to fight for Bangladesh's independence. Now he questions his future in the country after a rise in Islamist extremism that has left minorities living in fear.


As Bangladesh's small Catholic community eagerly awaits the first visit by a pope in more than 30 years, many say it has never been more difficult to practice their faith in the Muslim-majority country.


Christian leaders say many have left Bangladesh in recent years as the community increasingly finds itself targeted by Islamists.


Last year, two converts from Islam were murdered and a Catholic grocer brutally hacked to death during a campaign by Islamist extremists that also targeted Hindus and other minorities.


"In the War of Liberation, we wanted a beautiful Bangladesh which embraced all types of people from all races Cheap Milwaukee Brewers Jerseys , faiths, creeds and religions," said Rosario, 65, of the 1971 war that brought independence for the former East Pakistan.


"I never wanted advantages or favors for myself Travis Shaw Brewers Jersey , only that there be equal rights for all... But now I do not believe there is any equality for us."


From peace to peril


Christians make up less than 0.5 percent of Bangladesh's 160 million-strong population, but once lived for centuries in harmony with the local Muslim majority.


They have played a prominent role in the country's history and even today, schools and hospitals run by Catholic missionaries provide a lifeline for poor communities.


Rosario is part of a small Catholic community descended from Portuguese traders who settled in Nagori, a small cluster of villages near the capital Dhaka, in the 17th century.


The area remains a bulwark of Catholicism and is home to a small shrine where hundreds of thousands gather every February to celebrate the life of Saint Anthony.


Local Catholics there say they feel increasingly under threat after a spate of attacks by hardline Islamists targeting religious minorities Stephen Vogt Brewers Jersey , foreigners and secular bloggers.


Tensions with Bangladeshi authorities have also risen, they say, boiling over in March when villagers accused plain clothes police of raiding the home of a local widow and stealing money.


When a group of villagers tried to prevent the plain clothes officers from leaving, armed police were sent in, leading to a violent stand-off in which at least 20 people were injured. More than 100 villagers were later charged with obstructing police work.


Alcohol has also become an issue. Non-Muslims can drink legally in Bangladesh Ryan Braun Brewers Jersey , but locals say they have come under scrutiny from police, who frequently arrest villagers they suspect of consuming alcohol.


Death threats


But far more terrifying are the threats to the lives of prominent Christians, which are often anonymous.


Nirmal Rosario, a businessman who heads a major Dhaka-based cooperative, said he received a death threat by text message as he sat next to Bangladesh's Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina during a 2015 ceremony to mark Christmas Eve.


"I have never seen these things before. We grew up in perfect harmony with other faiths Robin Yount Brewers Jersey ," he told AFP.


Pope Francis will bring a message of peace and religious tolerance on his visit to Bangladesh, an impoverished country that has won praise in recent months for taking in more than 600,000 Rohingya refugees from neighboring Myanmar.


He is not scheduled to trav

Didi Chuxing.